For the Australian Aborigines
who are said to date back 65,000 years, the ancestor spirits are still
alive. They are a part of an Aborigine's "dreaming" and come to life in
the stories indigenous Australians have told through the ages. Playfully
narrated by Australian icon David Gulpilil, Ten Canoes, directed by Rolf
de Heer (The Tracker) and Peter Djigirr, tells a dreaming story that acts
as a lesson for a young man in the tribe who feels that the youngest wife
of his older brother should be his. The story has elements of kidnapping,
sorcery, and revenge but is mostly about values: how a community living
in a natural environment before the coming of the White man developed laws
and systems to guide its people. The cast consists of indigenous residents
of the Arafura region and many of the visuals recreate the photographs
of Donald Thompson, a Melbourne anthropology professor who spent time in
the 1930s with the Yolngu people of the Arafura Swamp.
Set a thousand years ago
in central Arnhem Land near the Arafura Swamp in northern Australia, east
of Darwin, a group of Ganalbingu tribesmen embark on a hunt for magpie
geese, a wild bird used to sustain the tribe. To navigate the crocodile-infested
swamp, elder Minygululu (Peter Minygululu) leads the tribe in building
canoes made out of bark. When he discovers that Dayindi (played by Gulpilil's
son, Jamie) has a crush on his third wife, he tells him a story set in
a mythical time after the great flood that explains how his people developed
laws to govern their behavior, the same laws used by the tribes today.
To distinguish between the past and the "present", De Heer uses muted color
to show the ancient landscape and black and white for the more modern story.
In the beginning, Ridjimiraril
(Crusoe Kurddal) lives with his three wives, Banalandju, Nowalingu (Frances
Djulibing), and Munandjarra in a camp with others, including Birrinbirrin
(Richard Birrinbirrin), an overweight elder whose sole pleasure in life
is to eat honey. Ridjimiraril’s younger brother, Yeeralparil (Jamie), who
lives in the single men's camp, fancies the beautiful Munandjarra and spends
much time stealing visits to the other camp, hoping to catch a glimpse
of her. When a stranger approaches without warning, the men are frightened,
especially when he tells them that he wants to trade objects of magic.
The local sorcerer warns
the men of danger but life proceeds normally until the jealous Nowalingu
disappears after a fight with Banalandju. Though the others believe that
she simply ran away, Ridjimiraril is convinced that she was abducted by
the stranger and receives confirmation for his fear when an old uncle appears
and says that he saw his wife in a camp with the stranger. The men are
galvanized into action and a war party is prepared. Through myth and illuminating
visuals, Ten Canoes generates a greater awareness and understanding of
indigenous Australian culture and acts as an impressive counterweight to
the argument that Aborigines should give up their past and join the modern
world. That the film is entertaining and deeply moving as well as informative
is a very welcome bonus indeed.